Assistive Technology for Mobility: Empowering Independence and Accessibility

By Mehrnoush Mokhtarnejad

Introduction

In an era of rapid technological advancement, assistive technologies (AT) are emerging as powerful tools to enhance the quality of life for individuals with mobility disabilities. From advanced wearable devices to innovative public transport solutions, these technologies are reshaping the landscape of accessibility and inclusion. Assistive technology is crucial in enhancing the independence of individuals with disabilities. This article explores various aspects of AT for mobility, including current usage patterns, emerging innovations, and the impact on users' daily lives.

Usage and Needs of Mobility Assistive Devices

Recent research has shed light on utilizing mobility assistive devices (MADs) among individuals with disabilities. A comprehensive study involving over 1,000 participants revealed that 77.2% use MADs, averaging three devices per person. However, the perceived need was higher, at 5.3 devices, indicating a gap between current usage and actual requirements [1]. Examples of commonly used MADs include:

• Manual wheelchairs

• Power wheelchairs

• Walkers

• Canes

• Crutches

• Prosthetic limbs

Results of this research shows that the type and severity of disability significantly influences the need for MADs. Individuals with physical, visual, and multiple disabilities typically require more devices compared to those with intellectual disabilities [1].

Factors Influencing Mobility and Participation

Assistive technologies are proving to be game changers in the realm of mobility. Research conducted in Canadian cities explored the factors influencing mobility and community participation among users of various mobility assistive technologies (MATs), including canes, walkers, and wheelchairs. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, utilizing GPS data, activity diaries, and qualitative interviews to gain a holistic understanding of the challenges and opportunities faced by MAT users [2]. The study's findings underscore the intricate interplay of subjective and objective factors that influence mobility and participation. It identified environmental barriers and facilitators as crucial elements, with participants expressing specific modifications to enhance accessibility. These findings have direct implications for urban planners and policymakers, providing practical insights for creating more inclusive cityscapes [2].

Interestingly, a follow-up study tracking mobility-related assistive technology devices (ATDs) revealed that usage patterns often change over time. Only about a quarter of participants continued using their initially prescribed ATD as their primary aid several months after hospital discharge. This finding highlights the need for ongoing support and adaptable solutions in assistive technology [3].

Innovations in Public Transport Accessibility

The TRIPS project, funded by the European Commission, focused on enhancing public transport accessibility through innovative solutions. The project brought together individuals with disabilities, transport operators, and AT specialists to co-design inclusive mobility solutions [4]. Examples of innovations include:

• Smart boarding systems that automatically adjust vehicle height

• Real-time accessibility information for transport routes

• Tactile and audio guidance systems for visually impaired users

These innovations demonstrate how existing technologies can be applied in novel ways to improve accessibility in public transportation.

Wearable Technologies for Mobility Support

Wearable devices are emerging as powerful tools for enhancing mobility and independence. A literature review on wearable technologies emphasized the importance of inclusive design principles and involving people with disabilities in development [5]. Examples of wearable technologies for mobility support include:

• Exoskeletons for individuals with spinal cord injuries

• Smart glasses with navigation assistance for the visually impaired

• Gesture-controlled prosthetic limbs

A qualitative study focusing on young adults with mobility disabilities highlighted the significant role of digital technologies in supporting daily commutes. These technologies aid in mobility planning, accessing transport options, and facilitating communication [6].

Evolving Patterns of Assistive Device Usage

A longitudinal study tracking the use of mobility-related assistive technology devices (ATDs) revealed exciting patterns in usage over time. Only 23.3% of participants continued using their initially prescribed ATD as their primary aid several months after hospital discharge [3]. This finding underscores the need for:

• Ongoing assessment of AT needs

• Adaptable solutions that can evolve with users' changing requirements

• Comprehensive training and support for AT users

Conclusion

As we look to the future, the potential of assistive technologies to transform lives continues to grow. By addressing the gaps between perceived needs and actual use, and through inclusive and innovative design approaches, we can develop more effective assistive technologies that enhance mobility and significantly improve the overall quality of life for individuals with disabilities. The journey towards full accessibility and inclusion is ongoing. Still, with each technological advancement, we move closer to a world where mobility limitations no longer define an individual's capabilities or opportunities.

References

1. Yeung, K. T., Lin, C. H., Teng, Y. L., Chen, F. F., Lou, S. Z., & Chen, C. L. (2016). Use of and self-perceived need for assistive devices in individuals with disabilities in Taiwan. PloS one, 11(3), e0152707.

1. Routhier, F., Mortenson, W. B., Demers, L., Mahmood, A., Chaudhury, H., Ginis, K. A. M., & Miller, W. C. (2019). Mobility and participation of people with disabilities using mobility assistive technologies: Protocol for a mixed-methods study. JMIR research protocols, 8(4), e12089.

1. Demers, L., Fuhrer, M. J., Jutai, J. W., Scherer, M. J., Pervieux, I., & DeRuyter, F. (2008). Tracking mobility-related assistive technology in an outcomes study. Assistive Technology, 20(2), 73-85.

1. Banes, D., Magni, R., Andrushevich, A., & Hoogerwerf, E. J. (2022). Emerging technologies and access to mobility through public transport: a review of potential impact upon people with a disability. ICCHP-AAATE 2022 Open Access Compendium" Assistive Technology, Accessibility and (e) Inclusion" Part I.

1. Moon, N. W., Baker, P. M., & Goughnour, K. (2019). Designing wearable technologies for users with disabilities: Accessibility, usability, and connectivity factors. Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering, 6, 2055668319862137.

1. Amaral, C., Chamorro-Koc, M., Beatson, A., Gottlieb, U., Tuzovic, S., & Bowring, N. (2023). The journey to work of young adults with mobility disability: a qualitative study on the digital technologies that support mobility. Disability & Society, 1-22.