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3DA ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Explore our collection of articles covering important topics, from landmark court cases to technological developments in the field of developmental disabilities.


Smith v. Robinson (1984)
Summary on the Supreme Court case regarding reimbursement of legal fees pertaining to lawsuits disputing schools meeting a student's needs.
Jan 27, 20253 min read


Armstrong v. Kline (1979)
A summary on the court case covering ESY for students with severe disabilities.
Jan 27, 20253 min read


Abrahamson v. Hershman (1983)
A court summary on the court case regarding FAPE and payment for private school placement.
Jan 13, 20252 min read


Forest Grove v. T.A. (2009)
Summary of the 2009 Supreme Court case regarding IDEA and reimbursement.
Nov 25, 20244 min read


Winkelman v. Parma City School District (2007)
Summary on the Supreme Court case regarding non-lawyer parents filing lawsuits under IDEA.
Nov 23, 20245 min read


PARC v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1972)
A summary on the landmark Supreme Court case for special education.
Nov 23, 20243 min read




Perez v. Sturgis Public Schools (2023)
A summary on the Supreme Court case regarding the exhaustion of IDEA.
Nov 11, 20243 min read


Florence District County Four v. Carter (1993)
A summary of the Supreme Court case regarding reimbursement for public school's noncompliance with IDEA.
Nov 9, 20244 min read


Town of Burlington v. Department of Education of Massachusetts (1985)
A summary of the 1985 Supreme Court case involving reimbursement and school placement.
Oct 26, 20243 min read


Irving Independent School District v. Tatro (1984)
A summary of the Supreme Court case regarding related services and medical services in the classroom.
Oct 26, 20244 min read


Scared of School: The harsh reality of failing to meet children’s needs
An interview with Guy Stephens, the leader of the Alliance of Against Seclusion and Restraint (AASR).
Oct 8, 20244 min read


Honig v. Doe (1988)
A court summary of the 1988 case regarding exclusion of students for behavior.
Sep 23, 20243 min read


Board of Education v. Rowley (1982)
A summary of the 1982 Supreme Court case pertaining to the interpretation of the Education for All Handicapped Children act of 1975.
Sep 23, 20245 min read


Schaffer v. Weast (2005)
A summary from the Supreme Court case regarding who carries the burden of proof in IEP disputes.
Sep 16, 20244 min read


Southeastern Community College v. Davis (1979)
A summary on the Supreme Court case involving the interpretation of Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
Sep 16, 20245 min read


Zobrest v. Catalina Foothills (1993)
An overview on the 1993 Supreme Court case involving the use of a government funded sign language interpreter in a private school.
Sep 16, 20244 min read


Benefits of Early Childhood AT Training
This article explains benefits of children being properly trained to use necessary assistive technology (AT).
Jul 30, 20244 min read


Endrew F. v. County of Douglas School District (2017)
A summary on the Supreme Court case that raised the standards of IDEA.
Jul 4, 20245 min read


The Special Education Teacher Shortage
A summary of negative effects of the special education teacher shortages and how economic interventions can reduce the shortages long term.
Jul 1, 20244 min read
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